![]() numerical (Lot & Block) The block refers to the name of the _ under which the map is recorded. rectangular government survey point, metes and bounds description (Lot & Block) The land is divided into lots with a _ designation of a parcel. plat reference system Lot and block systems are surveyed by first referencing either a _, or a _. direction The lot and block system is also called a "_" because it's a description by reference, plat, or lot and block. point of beginning (Metes & Bounds) After identifying the point of beginning, the surveyor sights the _ to the next point. Unless it is easily identifiable, the rest of the description won't be of much use to anyone, because everything is based off of that point. licensed land surveyor (Metes & Bounds) A key consideration is the _. physical features The language and numbers used in a metes and bounds description are derived from a survey performed by a _. Common terms used to reference bounds might be the name of a tree, creek, owners of land bordering the property, and even piles of rocks. ![]() direction, distance Bounds refer to the _ that define the boundaries of the land. To find the direction, use a compass to indicate north, south, east, and west, as well as the degree of direction between zero and 90. deeds Metes are the _ and _ of a line forming the boundary of the property. point of beginning Metes and bounds property descriptions are frequently found in _. permanent land markers, metes and bounds The monument system uses a monument, which is typically a permanent physical, man-made, or natural feature (such as a survey benchmark or a large boulder), as its _. ![]() Monuments are _ and are often used in the _ system, as well. While standardization is critical for enabling property to be understood by a larger and more distant set of buyers and creditors, customized property practices built upon localized knowledge serve other important social functions that likewise encourage development.A fourth system sometimes used is the monument system. The rich descriptions of the metes and bounds of colonial properties were customized to the preferences of American settlers and could be tailored to different types of property interests, permitting simple compliance with recording laws. Importantly, the benefits of metes and bounds were greater, and the associated costs lower, than an a historical examination of these records would indicate. Using new archival research from the American colonial period, this Article reconstructs the forgotten history of metes and bounds within recording practice. ![]() However, historians have not yet explored the social and legal context surrounding earlier metes and bounds systems-obscuring the important role that nonstandardized property can play in stimulating growth. Metes and bounds systems have long been the subject of ridicule among scholars, and a recent wave of law-and-economics scholarship has argued that land boundaries must be easily standardized to facilitate market transactions and yield economic development. Abstract: Since long before the settling of the American colonies, property boundaries were described by the “metes and bounds” method, a system of demarcation dependent on localized knowledge of movable stones, impermanent trees, and transient neighbors. ![]()
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